roofkey.com Roofing Guidelines

The roofkey.com Roofing Guidelines are here to help both the Roofing Consumer and Roofing Contractor have a good quality roof installation that passes the roof inspection and to greatly reduce the chance of roof leaks, or other roofing problems, callbacks and litigations. The Building Codes and Manufacturer’s specifications can sometimes be conflicting and can vary from one area to another. See Building Code Conflicts web page.

Each of the roofkey.com Roofing Guidelines listed below is recognized by one or more City/County Building Departments, however, which roofkey.com Roofing Guidelines they each recognize varies. Most recognize at least 85 percent and a few almost 100 percent.

We perform roof inspections to determine if the roofing materials and accessories are installed in a workmanship like manner following generally accepted roofing standards that meet the local City/County’s current IBC and IRC Building Code and their amendments as well as both current and legacy reports from ICC Evaluation Services, roofing manufacturer’s association installation manuals and specifications, whichever is more stringent as detailed in the following roofkey.com Roofing Guidelines.

The roofkey.com Roofing Guidelines listed below address only some of the roofing materials and/or circumstances that occur with roofing installations. Failure to follow these roofkey.com Roofing Guidelines will result in a correction being written in our Roof Inspection Service Report we give to our customers.

The roofkey.com Roofing Guidelines below are based upon weather conditions that effect and dictate the use of roofing materials and their installation. This is called Building Design Criteria.

roofkey.com Minimum Design Criteria for Roofing

Local City/County Building Design Criteria will be used if more stringent than what is listed below. Example might be as you move west and the wind speed criteria increases.

100 mph 3-second gust wind speed or 85 mph fastest mile wind speed
Wind Driven Snow Area
30 pounds per square foot ground/roof snow load
Ice Damming at eaves
3.0 inches per hour for 100-Year, 1-Hour Rainfall (for roof drain sizing)
Moderate or Severe Hail Exposure Area

Roofing Contractors on the roofkey.com Qualified Roofing Contractors list install roofing to the following roofkey.com Roofing Guidelines.

Roofing Consumers may opt out of some of the roofkey.com Roofing Guidelines listed below at their own risk, if not required by the Local Building Department. Your Roofing Contractor will inform you of any roofkey.com Roofing Guidelines your Local Building Department may not enforce.

We highly recommend that you, the Roofing Consumer, do not opt out of any of the roofkey.com Roofing Guidelines even if one or more is not recognized or enforced by your Local Building Department. Building Departments make mistakes too.

The bullets below indicate the roofkey.com Roofing Guidelines some City/County Building Departments do not enforce. Your roofing contractor will let you know which roofkey.com Roofing Guidelines are enforced by your Local Building Department. Initialing which roofkey.com Roofing Guidelines you wish to opt out of will aid you in obtaining bids that are Apples to Apples.

Please print out the following and initial the bulleted
roofkey.com Roofing Guidelines you wish to opt out of.

However, if you, the Roofing Consumer, incur damage as a result of your choice to opt out of any of the roofkey.com Roofing Guidelines, remember it is at your own risk, not the Roofing Contractor's responsibility to fix it.

To Prospective Roofing Contractors submitting bids: follow the roofkey.com Roofing Guidelines as listed below and only omit any roofkey.com Roofing Guidelines that I have chosen to opt out of indicated by my initials.

Person Requesting Proposal:

Contact Phone:

Property Location:

General Guidelines for Roofing

Underlayment - All underlayments are required to be labeled with the appropriate ASTM numbers.

Ice and Water Membrane - An underlayment of an ice and water membrane or equal is required at ALL eaves of sloped roofs applied directly to the decking and up the roof slope two (2) feet past the exterior wall line. In the case of a patio cover that has a minimum of three (3) open sides, an ice and water membrane is only necessary three (3) feet up the roof from the eave. Exception: Detached accessory structures that contain no conditioned floor area do not require an ice and water membrane.

I, the Roofing Consumer, elect to opt out of the installation of an underlayment of an ice and water membrane or equal at ALL eaves.

Metal Drip Edge - A metal drip edge is required at the eaves of all roofs.

Fastener heads - Fasteners shall be flush with the roofing material’s surface, NOT over driven, under driven, or crooked for all roofing materials.

Weather Exposure - Maximum weather exposure shall not be exceeded. Check manufacturer’s specifications before installation. When a staggered installation is performed, the coursing of all roofing materials must be dropped so that the distance between the butt of the lowest roofing material in one course and the highest butt in the course above does not exceed the maximum weather exposure allowed.

Deteriorated Decking - The decking must be removed where the decking is water soaked or deteriorated. Additional decking will be required if the existing decking will not provide a sound, level, and rigid surface. Example: Old 3/8” decking will need to be overlaid with new code approved decking.

Deteriorated, Rusted, Damaged Flashing - All rusted, damaged, or deteriorated roof flashing, vent flashing, metal edging, drain outlets, collars, and metal counter flashing must be replaced.

Exterior Cladding - Siding, Stucco, Brick or Stone veneer and any other type of cladding must be kept up off the roof surface a minimum of 1 1/2" for Steep-Sloped Roofing and 6" for Flat Roofing at all rake walls, head walls, parapet walls and chimneys. Cladding of any type can not be setting down on the surface of the roofing material.

Vertical Blocking and "Z" Bar flashing - A Vertical Blocking piece of lumber and "Z" Bar Flashing is to be used at all rake walls, head walls, parapet walls, and chimneys for the termination edge of various types of exterior cladding. This Roofing Guideline is most needed if the cladding is made of stone or brick veneer even stucco or other materials where the roof flashing can not be easily removed in the future without damaging the cladding. This Roofing Guideline may also be used with lap siding or any other type of exterior cladding.

I, the Roofing Consumer, elect to opt out of the installation of a Vertical Blocking piece of lumber and "Z" Bar Flashing at all rake walls, head walls, parapet walls, and chimneys.

roofkey.com Roofing Guidelines for Asphalt Shingles

Layers of Roofing - The maximum number of layers of roofing is one (1) with Asphalt Shingles. When one (1) or more layers of roofing exist, all layers of roofing must be removed prior to the installation of a new roof.

I, the Roofing Consumer, elect to opt out of the removal of all layers of existing roofing and leave one layer of existing asphalt shingles over which the new roofing will be installed.

Metal Drip Edge - A metal drip edge is required at both rake edges and eaves with Asphalt Shingles.

I, the Roofing Consumer, elect to opt out of the installation of a metal drip edge at the rake edges.

Call for a roof inspection before shingles are fully and completely sealed down. This makes it easier to properly inspect the fasteners.

Number of Fasteners - Minimum of six (6) fasteners are required for all strip type shingles. (Some shingles require 8 nails for higher wind areas. See manufacturer’s specifications.)

Location of Fasteners - Corrosion resistant fasteners shall be located per manufacturer’s instructions and not placed in factory applied adhesive. Nails must also penetrate both parts of a laminated shingle. Check manufacturer’s specifications and association manuals for the correct placement of nails across the length of the shingle.

Over Driven Fasteners - Where fasteners have been over driven, the correction of sealing the over driven fastener head is required in addition to adding a new fastener.

Mansard Roof Shingle Fastening - Mansard roof applications also require the butts of all asphalt shingles to be hand sealed down in addition to six nailing per Asphalt Manufacturer's Association Manual.

Incorrect Size or Spacing of Existing Decking - New decking overlay is required for asphalt shingles if old existing decking is made of lumber which is larger than 1” x 6” pieces of lumber or if the gaps between the boards are more than 1/8”.

I, the Roofing Consumer, elect to opt out of the installation of new decking over my existing decking.

Minimum Slope - Minimum slope is 4:12 for standard installation. For slopes above 2:12 and less than 4:12 an underlayment of two (2) plies of ASTM Type 15 or 30 base felt lapped 19" is required.

Material Defects - The Roofing Contractor is responsible for culling out defects in asphalt shingle.

roofkey.com Roofing Guidelines for Cedar Shakes and Shingles

Underlayment - In addition to the underlayment of 18" Type II felt (commonly referred to as 30# lace felt) laced in between each course of shakes, an underlayment of a single ply Type II felt (commonly referred to as 30# base felt) or equal is required.

Shake Placement - Correct placement of the shakes or shingles is critical. The maximum gap between the sides for each shake is 5/8”. The maximum gap between the sides for each shingle is 3/8”. The sides of each shake or shingles should never touch. The minimum side lap is 1 ½” between joints in adjacent courses for all cedar shakes and shingles.

Location of Fasteners - Corrosion resistant nails shall be placed to the manufacturer’s specifications and industry standards, not too high or too low or too far from the sides of the cedar shake or shingle. See Red Cedar Shake and Shingle Bureau’s specifications.

Minimum Slope - Minimum slope is 4:12 for cedar shakes and 3:12 for cedar shingles with reduced coursing. For shakes roofs over non-living areas with slopes above 3:12 and less than 4:12, an underlayment of an ice and water membrane is acceptable by many in the roofing industry including us and some Building Departments for re-roofing only, but not new construction.

Material Defects - The Roofing Contractor is responsible for culling out off grade cedar shakes.

roofkey.com Roofing Guidelines for Clay and Concrete Tile

Underlayment - An underlayment of two (2) plies of base felt minimum of ASTM Type II (commonly referred to as 30# base felt) lapped 19" is required. Other approved equal underlayments that are ASTM numbered may be used as long as they are also applied in the same two ply fashion. A single ply of ASTM 90 pound granulated rolled roofing may also be used as an alternative underlayment.

I, the Roofing Consumer, elect to opt out of the installation of two plies of ASTM numbered Type II base felt and only install a single layer.

Vertical Battens - Vertical battens or risers of a minimum 3/8" thickness and made of cedar, or decay resistant treated wood or other decay resistant materials are required under the horizontal battens. The spacing depends on the size of the horizontal battens based on the total roof loads for deflection. (See manufacturer’s specifications.)

I, the Roofing Consumer, elect to opt out of the installation of Vertical Battens or risers and install the Horizontal Battens directly over the underlayment attaching them directly to the decking.

I, the Roofing Consumer, elect to opt out of the installation of Vertical Battens and the Horizontal Battens and install the tile directly over the underlayment attaching the tile directly to the decking.

Horizontal Battens - When using nominal dimensional lumber for horizontal battens such as 1 x 2s, 1 x 4s, 1 x 6s, etc. the minimum dimensions are ¾” x 1 ½", ¾” x 3 ½”, ¾” x 5 ½” respectively. It is ok to use lumber that is slightly shy of the minimum dimensions as long as the distance between the vertical battens is narrowed appropriately.

Batten Fasteners - Corrosion resistant staples with 7/16" crown may be used to fasten down the horizontal battens if the vertical battens or risers are on 12" centers. Greater spacing of the vertical battens or risers requires 8d common galvanized nails.

Field Tile Fasteners - Corrosion resistant nails or screws with minimum 5/16" heads are required for fastening of filed tile. Approved fasteners shall penetrate through the horizontal battens but not penetrate the underlayment.

Field Tile Fastening - Each and every Field Tile is required to be fastened down with one fastener if lugged tile over horizontal battens and two fasteners if a non-lugged tile.

I, the Roofing Consumer, elect to opt out of the fastening of each tile in every course.

Hurricane Clips - Hurricane clips are required for each tile at all eaves.

I, the Roofing Consumer, elect to opt out of the installation hurricane clips at each tile at the eaves.

Flashing at Jacks, Vents, Head walls - A primary flashing to keep water on the surface of the field tile as much as possible is required at all jacks, vents, and head walls.

Weather Blocking Material / Primary Flashing - From the 2006 Tile Manufacturer's Manual “Openings at the hips, ridges, and headwalls including chimneys, skylights, solar panels, and down slope horizontal abutments shall be fitted with weather blocking material to keep water on the surface of the field tile.”

This means a Weather Blocking Material such as a Primary Flashing to keep water on the surface of the field tile as much as possible is also required at all rake walls, chimneys, skylights, swamp coolers, curbs, and any other protrusion through the tile roof or object setting on the roof. That includes step flashing on the surface of tile at rake walls, skylights, chimneys, swamp coolers, etc. This material must be fully down on the surface of the field tile.

I, the Roofing Consumer, elect to opt out of the installation of a Weather Blocking Material / Primary Flashing at all rake walls, chimneys, skylights, and curbs.

Secondary Flashing - A secondary flashing is required to be roofed into/over the underlayment at all jacks, vents, head walls, rake walls, chimneys, skylights, swamp coolers, curbs, and any other protrusion through the tile roof or object setting on the roof.

Minimum Slope - Minimum slope is 3:12 for standard installation of most concrete and clay tile. For slopes 2 ½:12 to 3:12 an approved flat roofing membrane is required. The tile and battens are then attached without fasteners penetrating the flat roofing membrane. However, the minimum slope is only 5:12 for some clay tile. Always, check with the manufacturer for low-slope application specifications.

Material Defects - The Roofing Contractor is responsible for culling out defects in tile roofs.

roofkey.com Roofing Guidelines for Flat Roofing Membranes

Minimum Slope - New construction shall have a minimum ¼” slope to ensure positive roof drainage without standing water after 48 hours.

Re-roof installations, to ensure positive roof drainage, (No standing water after 48 hours.) shall have crickets and/or drains added if ¼” slope is not obtainable.

Drains / Scuppers - Secondary or overflow drains/scuppers are required on all roofs having parapet walls and shall discharge above grade and be independent of primary drains/scuppers.

Ballasted Roofs - Ballasted roofing membranes must follow the criteria set forth in the IBC and ANSI / SPRI RP-4 for the amount of ballast used in the field, at perimeters, and at corners etc. depending on the height of the building and its parapet walls and if building is in an A, B, C Exposure. Depending on Exposure and Height of structure, a ballasted roof system may not be allowed.

End of roofkey.com Roofing Guidelines.

The roofkey.com Roofing Guidelines above may change in the future as Building Codes, Evaluation Service Reports, Manufacturer Specifications or Manuals evolve. Also, the above roofkey.com Roofing Guidelines may change if there is some other new roofing material and/or circumstance that occurs with roofing installations that we become aware of or an existing one rises to the degree of being a major problem.

roofkey.com is the official website for RE/COR Inc.,
a roof inspection and consulting company

Phone: (303) 347-8689



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		roofkey.com Roofing Guidelines The roofkey.com Roofing Guidelines are here to help both the Roofing Consumer and Roofing Contractor have a good quality roof installation that passes the roof inspection and to greatly reduce the chance of roof leaks, or other roofing problems, callbacks and litigations. The Building Codes and Manufacturer’s specifications can sometimes be conflicting and can vary from one area to another. See Building Code Conflicts web page. Each of the roofkey.com Roofing Guidelines listed below is recognized by one or more City/County Building Departments, however, which roofkey.com Roofing Guidelines they each recognize varies. Most recognize at least 85 percent and a few almost 100 percent. We perform roof inspections to determine if the roofing materials and accessories are installed in a workmanship like manner following generally accepted roofing standards that meet the local City/County’s current IBC and IRC Building Code and their amendments as well as both current and legacy reports from ICC Evaluation Services, roofing manufacturer’s association installation manuals and specifications, whichever is more stringent as detailed in the following roofkey.com Roofing Guidelines. The roofkey.com Roofing Guidelines listed below address only some of the roofing materials and/or circumstances that occur with roofing installations. Failure to follow these roofkey.com Roofing Guidelines will result in a correction being written in our Roof Inspection Service Report we give to our customers. The roofkey.com Roofing Guidelines below are based upon weather conditions that effect and dictate the use of roofing materials and their installation. This is called Building Design Criteria. roofkey.com Minimum Design Criteria for Roofing Local City/County Building Design Criteria will be used if more stringent than what is listed below. Example might be as you move west and the wind speed criteria increases. 100 mph 3-second gust wind speed or 85 mph fastest mile wind speed Wind Driven Snow Area 30 pounds per square foot ground/roof snow load Ice Damming at eaves 3.0 inches per hour for 100-Year, 1-Hour Rainfall (for roof drain sizing) Moderate or Severe Hail Exposure Area Roofing Contractors on the roofkey.com Qualified Roofing Contractors list install roofing to the following roofkey.com Roofing Guidelines. *Roofing Consumers may opt out of some of the roofkey.com Roofing Guidelines listed below at their own risk, if not required by the Local Building Department. Your Roofing Contractor will inform you of any roofkey.com Roofing Guidelines your Local Building Department may not enforce. We highly recommend that you, the Roofing Consumer, do not* opt out of any of the roofkey.com Roofing Guidelines even if one or more is not recognized or enforced by your Local Building Department. Building Departments make mistakes too. The bullets below indicate the roofkey.com Roofing Guidelines some City/County Building Departments do not enforce. Your roofing contractor will let you know which roofkey.com Roofing Guidelines are enforced by your Local Building Department. Initialing which roofkey.com Roofing Guidelines you wish to opt out of will aid you in obtaining bids that are Apples to Apples. Please print out the following and initial the bulleted roofkey.com Roofing Guidelines you wish to opt out of. However, if you, the Roofing Consumer, incur damage as a result of your choice to opt out of any of the roofkey.com Roofing Guidelines, remember it is at your own risk, not the Roofing Contractor's responsibility to fix it. To Prospective Roofing Contractors submitting bids: follow the roofkey.com Roofing Guidelines as listed below and only omit any roofkey.com Roofing Guidelines that I have chosen to opt out of indicated by my initials. Person Requesting Proposal: Contact Phone: Property Location: General Guidelines for Roofing Underlayment - All underlayments are required to be labeled with the appropriate ASTM numbers. Ice and Water Membrane - An underlayment of an ice and water membrane or equal is required at ALL eaves of sloped roofs applied directly to the decking and up the roof slope two (2) feet past the exterior wall line. In the case of a patio cover that has a minimum of three (3) open sides, an ice and water membrane is only necessary three (3) feet up the roof from the eave. Exception: Detached accessory structures that contain no conditioned floor area do not require an ice and water membrane. I, the Roofing Consumer, elect to opt out of the installation of an underlayment of an ice and water membrane or equal at ALL eaves. Metal Drip Edge - A metal drip edge is required at the eaves of all roofs. Fastener heads - Fasteners shall be flush with the roofing material’s surface, NOT over driven, under driven, or crooked for all roofing materials. Weather Exposure - Maximum weather exposure shall not be exceeded. Check manufacturer’s specifications before installation. When a staggered installation is performed, the coursing of all roofing materials must be dropped so that the distance between the butt of the lowest roofing material in one course and the highest butt in the course above does not exceed the maximum weather exposure allowed. Deteriorated Decking - The decking must be removed where the decking is water soaked or deteriorated. Additional decking will be required if the existing decking will not provide a sound, level, and rigid surface. Example: Old 3/8” decking will need to be overlaid with new code approved decking. Deteriorated, Rusted, Damaged Flashing - All rusted, damaged, or deteriorated roof flashing, vent flashing, metal edging, drain outlets, collars, and metal counter flashing must be replaced. Exterior Cladding - Siding, Stucco, Brick or Stone veneer and any other type of cladding must be kept up off the roof surface a minimum of 1 1/2" for Steep-Sloped Roofing and 6" for Flat Roofing at all rake walls, head walls, parapet walls and chimneys. Cladding of any type can not be setting down on the surface of the roofing material. Vertical Blocking and "Z" Bar flashing - A Vertical Blocking piece of lumber and "Z" Bar Flashing is to be used at all rake walls, head walls, parapet walls, and chimneys for the termination edge of various types of exterior cladding. This Roofing Guideline is most needed if the cladding is made of stone or brick veneer even stucco or other materials where the roof flashing can not be easily removed in the future without damaging the cladding. This Roofing Guideline may also be used with lap siding or any other type of exterior cladding. I, the Roofing Consumer, elect to opt out of the installation of a Vertical Blocking piece of lumber and "Z" Bar Flashing at all rake walls, head walls, parapet walls, and chimneys. roofkey.com Roofing Guidelines for Asphalt Shingles Layers of Roofing - The maximum number of layers of roofing is one (1) with Asphalt Shingles. When one (1) or more layers of roofing exist, all layers of roofing must be removed prior to the installation of a new roof. I, the Roofing Consumer, elect to opt out of the removal of all layers of existing roofing and leave one layer of existing asphalt shingles over which the new roofing will be installed. Metal Drip Edge - A metal drip edge is required at both rake edges and eaves with Asphalt Shingles. I, the Roofing Consumer, elect to opt out of the installation of a metal drip edge at the rake edges. Call for a roof inspection before shingles are fully and completely sealed down. This makes it easier to properly inspect the fasteners. Number of Fasteners - Minimum of six (6) fasteners are required for all strip type shingles. (Some shingles require 8 nails for higher wind areas. See manufacturer’s specifications.) Location of Fasteners - Corrosion resistant fasteners shall be located per manufacturer’s instructions and not placed in factory applied adhesive. Nails must also penetrate both parts of a laminated shingle. Check manufacturer’s specifications and association manuals for the correct placement of nails across the length of the shingle. Over Driven Fasteners - Where fasteners have been over driven, the correction of sealing the over driven fastener head is required in addition to adding a new fastener. Mansard Roof Shingle Fastening - Mansard roof applications also require the butts of all asphalt shingles to be hand sealed down in addition to six nailing per Asphalt Manufacturer's Association Manual. Incorrect Size or Spacing of Existing Decking - New decking overlay is required for asphalt shingles if old existing decking is made of lumber which is larger than 1” x 6” pieces of lumber or if the gaps between the boards are more than 1/8”. I, the Roofing Consumer, elect to opt out of the installation of new decking over my existing decking. Minimum Slope - Minimum slope is 4:12 for standard installation. For slopes above 2:12 and less than 4:12 an underlayment of two (2) plies of ASTM Type 15 or 30 base felt lapped 19" is required. Material Defects - The Roofing Contractor is responsible for culling out defects in asphalt shingle. roofkey.com Roofing Guidelines for Cedar Shakes and Shingles Underlayment - In addition to the underlayment of 18" Type II felt (commonly referred to as 30# lace felt) laced in between each course of shakes, an underlayment of a single ply Type II felt (commonly referred to as 30# base felt) or equal is required. Shake Placement - Correct placement of the shakes or shingles is critical. The maximum gap between the sides for each shake is 5/8”. The maximum gap between the sides for each shingle is 3/8”. The sides of each shake or shingles should never touch. The minimum side lap is 1 ½” between joints in adjacent courses for all cedar shakes and shingles. Location of Fasteners - Corrosion resistant nails shall be placed to the manufacturer’s specifications and industry standards, not too high or too low or too far from the sides of the cedar shake or shingle. See Red Cedar Shake and Shingle Bureau’s specifications. Minimum Slope - Minimum slope is 4:12 for cedar shakes and 3:12 for cedar shingles with reduced coursing. For shakes roofs over non-living areas with slopes above 3:12 and less than 4:12, an underlayment of an ice and water membrane is acceptable by many in the roofing industry including us and some Building Departments for re-roofing only, but not new construction. Material Defects - The Roofing Contractor is responsible for culling out off grade cedar shakes. roofkey.com Roofing Guidelines for Clay and Concrete Tile Underlayment - An underlayment of two (2) plies of base felt minimum of ASTM Type II (commonly referred to as 30# base felt) lapped 19" is required. Other approved equal underlayments that are ASTM numbered may be used as long as they are also applied in the same two ply fashion. A single ply of ASTM 90 pound granulated rolled roofing may also be used as an alternative underlayment. I, the Roofing Consumer, elect to opt out of the installation of two plies of ASTM numbered Type II base felt and only install a single layer. Vertical Battens - Vertical battens or risers of a minimum 3/8" thickness and made of cedar, or decay resistant treated wood or other decay resistant materials are required under the horizontal battens. The spacing depends on the size of the horizontal battens based on the total roof loads for deflection. (See manufacturer’s specifications.) I, the Roofing Consumer, elect to opt out of the installation of Vertical Battens or risers and install the Horizontal Battens directly over the underlayment attaching them directly to the decking. I, the Roofing Consumer, elect to opt out of the installation of Vertical Battens and the Horizontal Battens and install the tile directly over the underlayment attaching the tile directly to the decking. Horizontal Battens - When using nominal dimensional lumber for horizontal battens such as 1 x 2s, 1 x 4s, 1 x 6s, etc. the minimum dimensions are ¾” x 1 ½", ¾” x 3 ½”, ¾” x 5 ½” respectively. It is ok to use lumber that is slightly shy of the minimum dimensions as long as the distance between the vertical battens is narrowed appropriately. Batten Fasteners - Corrosion resistant staples with 7/16" crown may be used to fasten down the horizontal battens if the vertical battens or risers are on 12" centers. Greater spacing of the vertical battens or risers requires 8d common galvanized nails. Field Tile Fasteners - Corrosion resistant nails or screws with minimum 5/16" heads are required for fastening of filed tile. Approved fasteners shall penetrate through the horizontal battens but not penetrate the underlayment. Field Tile Fastening - Each and every Field Tile is required to be fastened down with one fastener if lugged tile over horizontal battens and two fasteners if a non-lugged tile. I, the Roofing Consumer, elect to opt out of the fastening of each tile in every course. Hurricane Clips - Hurricane clips are required for each tile at all eaves. I, the Roofing Consumer, elect to opt out of the installation hurricane clips at each tile at the eaves. Flashing at Jacks, Vents, Head walls - A primary flashing to keep water on the surface of the field tile as much as possible is required at all jacks, vents, and head walls. Weather Blocking Material / Primary Flashing - From the 2006 Tile Manufacturer's Manual “Openings at the hips, ridges, and headwalls including chimneys, skylights, solar panels, and down slope horizontal abutments shall be fitted with weather blocking material to keep water on the surface of the field tile.” This means a Weather Blocking Material such as a Primary Flashing to keep water on the surface of the field tile as much as possible is also required at all rake walls, chimneys, skylights, swamp coolers, curbs, and any other protrusion through the tile roof or object setting on the roof. That includes step flashing on the surface of tile at rake walls, skylights, chimneys, swamp coolers, etc. This material must be fully down on the surface of the field tile. I, the Roofing Consumer, elect to opt out of the installation of a Weather Blocking Material / Primary Flashing at all rake walls, chimneys, skylights, and curbs. Secondary Flashing - A secondary flashing is required to be roofed into/over the underlayment at all jacks, vents, head walls, rake walls, chimneys, skylights, swamp coolers, curbs, and any other protrusion through the tile roof or object setting on the roof. Minimum Slope - Minimum slope is 3:12 for standard installation of most concrete and clay tile. For slopes 2 ½:12 to 3:12 an approved flat roofing membrane is required. The tile and battens are then attached without fasteners penetrating the flat roofing membrane. However, the minimum slope is only 5:12 for some clay tile. Always, check with the manufacturer for low-slope application specifications. Material Defects - The Roofing Contractor is responsible for culling out defects in tile roofs. roofkey.com Roofing Guidelines for Flat Roofing Membranes Minimum Slope - New construction shall have a minimum ¼” slope to ensure positive roof drainage without standing water after 48 hours. Re-roof installations, to ensure positive roof drainage, (No standing water after 48 hours.) shall have crickets and/or drains added if ¼” slope is not obtainable. Drains / Scuppers - Secondary or overflow drains/scuppers are required on all roofs having parapet walls and shall discharge above grade and be independent of primary drains/scuppers. Ballasted Roofs - Ballasted roofing membranes must follow the criteria set forth in the IBC and ANSI / SPRI RP-4 for the amount of ballast used in the field, at perimeters, and at corners etc. depending on the height of the building and its parapet walls and if building is in an A, B, C Exposure. Depending on Exposure and Height of structure, a ballasted roof system may not be allowed. End of roofkey.com Roofing Guidelines. The roofkey.com Roofing Guidelines above may change in the future as Building Codes, Evaluation Service Reports, Manufacturer Specifications or Manuals evolve. Also, the above roofkey.com Roofing Guidelines may change if there is some other new roofing material and/or circumstance that occurs with roofing installations that we become aware of or an existing one rises to the degree of being a major problem. roofkey.com is the official website for RE/COR Inc., a roof inspection and consulting company Phone: (303) 347-8689